The first and most comprehensive academic analysis of the history of the term BRICS. In 2001, economist Jim O'Neill, working for Goldman Sachs, coined the term "BRICS" to refer to the largest emerging economies: Brazil, Russia, India, and China. These rising powers, he argued, should be the pillars of a new system of global finance and governance. In 2010, South Africa joined the group, forming BRICS, with a capital "s." And, thanks to a joint initiative by Brazil and Russia, it became a mainstream concept in international relations, gaining political significance through a process of institutionalization. BRICS and the Future of the Global Order offers a definitive analysis of BRICS as a term and as an institution, from its inception in 2001 to 2015. It also analyzes the significance of the rise of powers such as Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa for the future of the global order. Will the BRICS countries seek to establish a parallel system, with their own distinct set of rules, institutions, and power currencies, rejecting fundamental principles of liberal internationalism, or will they seek to adopt the rules and norms that define the current Western-led order? This is an essential book for anyone who wishes to understand the importance of the BRICS group in discussing today's increasingly multipolarized world.